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United States

DevelopedCPI [real-monthly]Granger Significant
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UIFPI Granger-causes CPI at 1-month lead

F
4.201
p
0.0499
n
31
Lag
1 mo

Calendar-true specification: exact 1-month lags on full-calendar CPI changes, no imputation (permutation p = 0.052 shuffle / 0.069 block). Forward-filling single-month menu gaps with past information only strengthens the result (n = 38, F = 9.05, p = 0.0048). The result is a timing signal, not a level coincidence.

Full multi-lag table & methodology notes β†’

UIFPI vs Official CPI β€” United States

Lead Time

1months

Ahead of official CPI

Chain Pass-Through

-0.00Ξ²

Cost transmission rate

Independent Pass-Through

Pending

Cost transmission rate

Price Observations

8,378

8344 chain / 34 independent

Months Indexed

36

Since 2018-04

Chain

Restaurants
57
Price items
8344
Avg. price (USD)
$8.83

Independent

Hawker stalls / vendors
7
Price items
34
Avg. price (USD)
$17.91